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Respiratory function - thoracic distension

Question
Here is my question : I recently realized pulmonary function tests which showed increased residual volume and total lung capacity (RV=180% et TLC= 132%).

I have never smoked but have had quite frequently a dry cough without expectoration for many years. Could you help me understand these results. How can a so big thoracic distension be explained?

Thank you for your answer. Have a nice day.
Answer
Hello,

Thoracic distension is frequently present in patients with cystic fibrosis.
Usually, values which are early disturbed are those concerning the small respiratory airways like the MED25-75 (expiratory flow between 25 and 75% of vital capacity).
Thoracic distension appears equally early and causes an increase of residual volume (air volume which is staying in lung at the end of a forced expiration) and of total lung capacity (which is the addition of residual volume and vital capacity that is the quantity of air mobilized between forced inspiration and forced expiration). The most important prognostic value is the FEV1 (timed forced expiratory volume).

Some patients present as you a form of cystic fibrosis which is more dry and more emphysematous with less sputum and marked thoracic distension. Reactive airway dysfunction could be seen in 20% of cases and can provoke dry cough which is the sign of an airway spasm. I advise you to speak with your doctor about your dry cough. Treatment by spray or exam to look for gastro-esophageal reflux could be done.

Sincerely yours
Dr Isabelle Danner-Boucher
20.11.2012